NASA Satellite Debris Has Been Hit Earth

NASA ensure Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) has entered Earth's atmosphere. UARS location estimated in Canada's resident.

According to NASA's official information via his official Twitter Account, The US Space agency state satellite debris most likely falls in Canadian's resident. If the debris quite far possibility Kanda will becom the location of debris falls writes NASA.

But because the debris of this satellite is still the property of the State, anyone who found the debris of this satellite please return it to the U.S. government, he added. "The UARS debris has fallen to the Earth between Friday (23 / 9) at 23:23 local time until Saturday (24 / 9) 01:09 local time," he wrote again.

Even so, NASA declared the location as well as exactly when the satellite debris falls can not be ascertained.

Accurate location of the fall of the satellite itself only be known two hours before hitting the Earth. "The position of the collision can only be given two hours before mashing the Earth," said senior researcher of Astronomy and Astrophysics Institute of Aeronautics and Space Agency Prof. Dr. Thomas Djamaluddin.

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Posted in: Debris,Earth,International News,Knowledge,NASASatelliteDebris,News,Science

6 Surprising Facts About Breast Cancer (PART 2)

FACT:
4. A Mammogram Every Other Year May Be Sufficient


In 1997 the NCI recommended mammograms "every one to two years" for women in their 40s and older. Meanwhile, the American Cancer Society and other groups advised that these women have annual mammograms.


The university of Toronto's Baines argues: "If you're past 50 and concerned about breast cancer,your best bet is a mammogram every two years." Dr. Karla Kerlikowske at the University of California, San Fransisco, agrees. "Women between 50 and 69 years old should be screened every other year," she states. "Our studies find the same benefit in this age group wether a woman has a mammogram every year or every two years."


FACT:
5. A Lumpectomy May Be Your Best Treatment Option

The NCI says that a breast-sparing lumpectomy followed by radiation therapy is preferable to mastecomy 75 to 80 percent of the time. According to its most recent research, however, only 43 per cent of breast-cancer victims have lumpectomies.


Some doctors feel more comfortable with mastectomies because they've done it this way all their professional lives. Some believe that a mastectomy will rid the body of all risk cancer. It won't even. Even the most radical surgery leaves behind some breast tissue that can later become cancerous.


FACT:
6. Genes Aren't Destiny


If your mother had breast cancer, does this mean you carry a faulty gene for the disease? Maybe, but probably not. All of us---men and woman alike--are born with BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes (BRCA stands for "breast cancer"); mutations in either one of the genes are related to development of the disease.


The chance of a woman in the general population having a mutation in either gene is only one in 800. However, if your mother had breast cancer and also had an inherited mutation in BRCA1 or 2, you have a 50-50 chance of inheriting that mutation.


Yet even if you do carry such a mutation, you won't necessarily develop cancer. The BRCAs are basically breast-cancer susceptibility genes.


How can you tell if you're one who will? "Unfortunetally you can't. It's a statistical roulette game," notes Dr. Bernadine Healy, dean of the College of Medicine and Public Health at Ohio State University. Until further research is completed, Healy cautions that "medical fortunetellers are reading a cloudy crystall ball" when they try to predict who will develop breast cancer and who won't.She worries about a growing trend among genetically susceptible women: more and more are deciding to have healthy breasts removed "just to play it safe."Such drastic measures, she notes, are unjustified given the "primitive" level of medical knowledge about these genes.


The good news is that even when women have an inheritad risk of developing breast cancer, their odds of dying from it are no higher than those of any other woman diagnosed with breast cancer.

Five Easy Ways to Lower Your Risk

WHILE we're still a long way from beating this deadly disease, here's what's important for you to know about preventing breast cancer:

1. Exercise regularly.

A review of research, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, noted that exercise reduced breast cancer risk both before and after menopause by as much as 60 per cent. A Norwegian study 25,624 women found that those who exercised at least four hours a week---even just walking---reduced their breast-cancer risk by 37 per cent. Working at a job that involved walking, lifting or doing heavy manual labor also slashed breast-cancer rates.

2. Watch your weight

One reason exercise may prevent breast cancer is that keeps your weight down. A harvard University study showed that women who gained 44 to 55 pounds after age 18 had almost double the risk of developing breast cancer following menopause,compared with those who had gained only a few pounds.

3. Don't drink too much alcohol

Even moderate drinking may be too much. Your risk of breast cancer rises 11 per cent if you regularly have one drink a day, 24 per cent with two drinks and 40 per cent with more than two,according to research by Lenore Kohlmeier, a professor of epidemiology and nutrition at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill. You needn't quit, though. Limit yourself to three drinks a week.

4. Get enough sunshine

The latest word on vitamin is that antioxidants (particularly C and beta carotene) don't prevent breast cancer. But vitamin D may. This might explain why women in the American South get breast cancer less often than those in the Northeast, according to a study by Esther John at Northern California Cancer Center. Southern women get more sunshine, needed by the skin to manufacture vitamin D. "Ten to fifteen minutes of exposure a day is sufficient for most of us to get adequate levels of vitamin D," John says. "But we still don't know how much D or sunlight is needed to prevent breast cancer."

5. Take Vitamin D

Women who consumed 200 international units (IUs) a day (the amount in two cups of vitamin-D-fortified milk) lowered their breast-cancer risk by about 30 per cent. At least 200 IUs daily are recommended for those age 50 and younger  ;400 to 600 IUs for those older than 50.

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Posted in: Breast Cancer,Cancer,Disease,Health,Lifestyle,Medical,Woman's Disease

6 Surprising Facts About Breast Cancer (PART 1)

YOU HEAR IT from all sides: a woman must take responsibility for her health by sifting through available information and making her own decisions. But a lot of what's reported on breast cancer these days is contradictory, misleading or simply wrong.


Dr.Cornelia J. Baines of the University of Toronto, a well-known breast cancer researcher, says women have been led astray by misinformation; they've been taught to fear breast cancer instead of learning the truth.


Here are some of the most important---and often underreported---facts about breast cancer.


FACT:
1. Breast Cancer Strikes Mostly Older Women


By seeing young women in articles,on TV news features and in public-service announcements about breast cancer, women receive the unspoken message that this is mainly a young person's problem. As a result, studies find that young women are overly terrified of the disease, while older women seem less concerned.


While breast cancer is more aggressive in younger women, most women who have breast cancer diagnosed are age 50 or older. In fact, age is the stronger risk factor for thin disease, far ahead of more commonly reported risks such as early menstruation, having no children or a first child after age 30, or starting menopause late.

This does not mean, however, that women over 50 face a breast-cancer "epidemic".in the United States, a statistic that's burned itself into almost every woman's consciousness is that her chance of getting breast cancer is one in height. But this refers to her lifetime risk. According to the most recent figures from the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI), the chance of developing breast cancer by age 50 is actually one in 50; by age 60 it's one in 24.


"For every woman who dies of breast cancer in North America, eight will die of cardiovascular disease," Baines says.


FACT:
2. There's More Than One Kind of Breast Cancer


Confusion arises because breast cancer can take many forms. For example, a few rare malignancies are so aggresive, they'll kill the victim even if they're identified on a mammogram when they're very small. Others are so slow-growing, they won't be fatal even if they're not diagnosed for years. Still others start out as treatable tumors that can become more dangerous to treat as they grow.


A condition known as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is the most confusing because it's considered "precancer." Cancer cells multiply and rampage through the body. But DCIS,which occurs in the milk ducts, often stays put. In some cases these precancerous cells break out of the ducts and become cancerous. It's estimated that three out of four DCIS cases will remain harmless, while the fourth will develop into invansive cancer. Unfortunately, doctors can't distinguish the first type from the second.


In most cases, to forestall any chance the cells will leave the ducts, doctors perform either a lumpectomy or a partial or complete mastectomy. An estimated 9200 of the 23,000 American women who had DCIS diagnosed in 1993 (the latest year for which figures are available) had a mastectomy---even though no one knows whether or not they would have had cancer.


Equally unsettling, DCIS is tricky to diagnose. In one study, six experts viewing slides disagreed on a DCIS diagnosis in a substantial number of cases. So if this condition is diagnosed, it's advisable to obtain your pathology report and get a second---and possibility third---opinion before having surgery.


FACT
3. Tamoxifen Is a Real Advance but Not a Magic Bullet


Euphoria hit last spring with the discovery that the drug tamoxifen---used after surgery to prevent the recurrence of breast cancer---could also prevent its occurence in the first place. In a widely heralded trial, preliminary results showed tamoxifen reduced the incidence of invasive breast cancer by 45 percent in high-risk women, compared with those talking a placebo. Formal trail  results released in September strongly confirmed these findings. But candidates for this treatment should consider the drug's potential benefits and side effects.


Based on the study's results, the NCI's Dr. Leslie Ford estimates that if 1000 high-risk women over age 50 took tamoxifen for five years, the drug would prevent 17 cases of invasive breast cancer (out of 33 expected). But it would also cause 12 cases of endometrial cancer and ten cases of serious blood clots or strokes.


to be continued - 6 Surprising Facts About Breast Cancer (PART 2)

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Posted in: Breast Cancer,Cancer,Disease,Health,Lifestyle,Medical

Every Man's Worst Sexual Fear

Impotence can have many causes, and researchers have devised a variety of treatments.

THE DAY after his 36th birthday, Sam Hutton an attorney, was cleaning up the kitchen with his wife, Karen. Their children were already in bed.

Sam suddenly picked Karen up and carried her to their bedroom. They started making love, but to his surprise, Sam could not mantain an erection.

Sam knew he wasn't tired. He'd never felt better. His last medical check up yielded a completely clean bill of health. He rode his bike 50 miles a week in the hills. He didn't smoke and rarely drank.

The next morning, Hutton told himself the previous night's episode wouldn't happen again. But it did---with increasing frequency. As the months passed, he began questioning his manhood. Karen feared he no longer found her attractive. At last, with his marriage in jeopardy, Hutton went to his family doctor.

"Sam, I can't find anything wrong." the doctor reported. It's likely you're just stressed out. I'm refering you to a psychologist.

Though Hutton didn't think he had psychological problems, he was willing to try anything. But after attending sex therapy with his wife for several weeks, his basic problem had not gone away. Then a friend told him about a clinic run by Dr. Irwin Goldstein, a professor of urology at Boston University School of Medicine. Not long after, Hutton went to see him.

He nervously gripped the arms of his chair as Goldstein reviewed his case. "You said your impotence was becoming more consistent. You also said that your erections were taking a long time to develop." The doctor looked up thoughtfully. "Have you ever had an accident while riding your bike?"

"Well, I did wipe out about two years ago," Hutton said uncertainly. "I hit myself hard on the crossbar."

Goldstein nodded. "Now I'm sure we can help."

ALTHOUGH RARELY DISCUSSED, impotence is something a majority of men experience, at least temporarily. According to an American study of nearly 1300 men ages 40 to 70, 52 per cent said they have had some form of the condition. Yet despite its prevalence, men often suffer it in aguished silence.

"Men can accept that they might have problems with their heart or stomach or lungs, but they think the penis is somehow exempt from difficulty." says Goldstein, one of the U.S.'s foremost impotence experts. "Well, a penis is an organ like any other,and things can go wrong with it just as they do with any other body part."

Today more and more experts are zeroing in on the physical causes of impotence. A generation ago, doctors would refer patients who came to them with impotence to pyschologists, but now psychologists are referring them to physicians.

"With any problem of erection there is a psychological component," says Dr. John Whipple. "But we now know that many times the problem of impotence has an organic component as well. In order to obtain an erection, you need an intact nervous and vascular system." An erection occurs when vessels open and the muscles around them relax, allowing blood to flow into the penis. As the penis expands, the veins are squeezed off, preventing the blood from leaving.

Experts say perhaps as many as 80 percent of impotence cases that doctors see are the result of physical problem. And the most common causes of these problems are bloodflow abnormalities and vascular disease. Hypertension,or high blood pressure, is linked to the development of blockages in arteries,which may decrease blood flow to the penis.

Other diseases may also be a source of the problem. Diabetes, kidney disease and multiple sclerosis can damage nerves and blood vessels.

Another common offender is medication. A man's erectile function is under the control of the autonomic nervous system. Many medications seem to block the receptors of that system, thereby causing dysfunction.

Hypertension drugs have been found to have particularly strong relationship to impotence. Many men have hypertension.The medication can prevent them from dying of stroke, but it can play havoc with their sex lives.

If you're taking a drug that you suspect may be causing impotence, ask your doctor if you can switch medications. Chances are, you can.

In a small percentage of cases, primarily affecting younger men, accidents can cause impotence. Any trauma to the body between the legs can injure the part of the penis inside the body cavity by crushing it against the pelvic bone. Direct injury to the blood-vessel lining creates a narrowing of the blood path, preventing the penis from filling properly.


BLOOD vessels may narrow so gradually that the trauma is forgotten long before it brings trouble.

Falling from a bike or taking a knee in the groin while playing sports are just a few ways the hidden part of the penis can be hurt. "No athletics equipment protects against such injuries," Goldstein says. "A jock-strap or cup won't do it."


But physicians can detect the problem. Ultrasound and other testing can measure the diameter of and blood flow in the erection arteries. In Hutton's case Goldstein found a serous arterial blockage caused by the bike accident.


THE ARCHER, 41, had difficulty getting and maintaining an erection. His family doctor found nothing wrong. But Dr. Lonnie Epstein, a specialist, detected a mild impairment of the blood flow to his penis. 


"Of every 100 men in Ted's age group who come to me with an erection problem, I find blood-flow impairment due to early hardening of the arteries in at least 20," says Epstein. Epstein discuss with Archer treatment options for his impotence.


Archer decided on injection therapy. Drugs employed include papaverine, phentolamine, prostaglandin E-1. Archer learned to use a very fine needle to give himself a nearly painless injection in the side of his penis. The combination of drugs he uses produces in about ten minutes erection that last more than half an hour. "This therapy felt very natural to both Ted and his wife," says Epstein. "Whatever awkwardness he might have felt at first was overcome by the boost to his confidence."


Despite its frequent success, many men say "thanks but no thanks" to the idea of using a needle. An alternative is the use of a vacuum device. Patients get a plastic cylinder,a hand or battery-operated pump, and one or more elastic tension ring is then pushed off the cylinder and onto the penis, where the ring remains during intercourse.


Another alternative is the penile implant. In a operation that became available in the 1970's semirigid material is inserted directly in the penis. Since the material stays permanently in place, the penis is always semierect---firm enough for intercourse but flexible enough to be unnoticable.


In a newer operation an inflatable device is implanted in the penis along with a  tiny pump in the scrotum and a small fluid reservoir in the abdomen.To cause an erection, the pump is squeezed, pushing fluid into the penis. Normally a valve in the pump releases the erection.


FOR A SELECT FEW --- like attorney Sam Hutton---a bypass operation is a possibility. "The only treatment option that interested Sam Huttom was a complete cure," said his physician, Irwin Goldstein, " I performed bypass surgery and within a month Sam's sex life was back to normal. "As in heart-bypass surgery, a new vessel was fashioned to shunt the blood around the blocked arteries.This procedure is still considered experimental, however,and is used only a few elegible candidates.


Fortunately only a minority of impotence problems require any kind of surgery. And given what we now know. 


There are things a man can do that may help prevent the condition:

Eat a low-fat dies. Says Dr. Sheldon Burman, director of Male Sexual Dysfunction Institute in Chicago, "Lose weight if you need to, exercise regularly, control your cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and you'll stop the progressive decrease of blood flow in the penile arteries."


Stop smoking. According to a study, current smokers are 50 percent more likely to report themselves as impotent than former smokers or those who never smoked. That's because smoking contributes to hardening of the arteries. "Quitting is one of the most important things you can do to avoid the early onset of impotence," says Burman.


Skip the happy hour. Alcohol, a depressant,inhibits your reflexes and your ability to become aroused. The spirit may be willing, but the flesh will be weak.


WITH PREVENTION and treatment, there is no reason a man cannot have a fulfilling sex life as long as he lives. "The field of impotence research is bright with hope for those who are afflicted," says Dr. Goldstein. That's good news for husbands and wives alike. 

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Posted in: Health,Impotence,Lifestyle,Man'sWorstSexualFear,Medical,Psychology,Sexual Fear,Sexual Life